Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1.
How water is continually renewed and recharged?
(a) Nitrogen cycle
(b) Oxygen cycle
(c) Carbon cycle
(d) Hydrological cycle
Answer:
(d) Hydrological cycle

Question 2.
How much of the earth’s surface is covered with water?
(a) one-fourth
(b) two-fourth
(c) three-fourth
(d) half
Answer:
(c) three-fourth

Question 3.
By what year is it predicted that large parts of India will have absolute water scarcity?
(a) 2025
(b) 2052
(c) 2022
(d) 2021
Answer:
(a) 2025

Question 4.
What is the contribution of hydroelectric power in total electricity produced?
(a) 2.5 per cent
(b) 4 per cent
(c) 80 per cent
(d) 22 per cent
Answer:
(d) 22 per cent

Question 5.
Which project in the Mahanadi basin integrates conservation of water with flood control?
(a) Sardar Sarovar Dam
(b) Nagarjuna Sagar Dam
(c) Hirakud Dam
(d) Tehri Dam
Answer:
(c) Hirakud Dam

Question 6.
Which river is known as the ‘river of sorrow’?
(a) Narmada
(b) Sutluj
(c) Godavari
(d) Damodar
Answer:
(d) Damodar

Question 7.
Sardar Sarovar Dam is associated with which movement?
(a) Chipko Movement
(b) Save Silent Valley
(c) Narmada Bachao Andolan
(d) Appiko Movement
Answer:
(c) Narmada Bachao Andolan

Question 8.
Which is considered the purest form of natural water?
(a) Pond water
(b) Reservoir water
(c) Palar pani
(d) River water
Answer:
(c) Palar pani

Question 9.
Nagarjuna Sagar Dam is built across which river?
(a) Godavari
(b) Kaveri
(c) Narmada
(d) Krishna
Answer:
(d) Krishna

Question 10.
Which is the first state in India which has made roof top rainwater harvesting structure compulsory to all houses across the state? >
(a) Kerala
(b) Maharashtra
(c) Karnataka
(d) Tamil Nadu
Answer:
(d) Tamil Nadu

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
How is freshwater mainly obtained?
Answer:
Freshwater is mainly obtained from precipitation, surface run-off and ground water.

Question 2.
Why does the availability of water vary over time and space?
Answer:
Availability of water varies over time and space because of the variations in seasonal and annual precipitation.

Question 3.
What is the cause of water scarcity in most cases?
Answer:
The cause of water scarcity in most cases is due to over-exploitation, excessive use and unequal access to water among different social groups.

Question 4.
Name the largest artificial lake built in the 11th century.
Answer:
Bhopal Lake is one of the largest artificial lakes built in the 11th century.

Question 5.
What is the primary reason for the resistance to multi-purpose projects?
Answer:
Primary reason of resistance to the multi-purpose projects is large-scale displacement of local communities.

Question 6.
Who have benefited from multi¬purpose projects?
Answer:
The landowners, farmers, industrialists and few urban centres have benefited from multi-purpose projects.

Question 7.
What is the recent demand of Save Narmada Movement?
Answer:
Recently, Save Narmada Movement has re-focused the aim to enable poor citizens, especially the displaced people to get full rehabilitation facilities from the government.

Question 8.
How do people of hills and mountainous regions irrigate their fields?
Answer:
In hills and mountainous regions, people build diversion channels like the ‘guls’ or ‘kuls’ for agriculture.

Question 9.
Why is rooftop rainwater harvesting on the decline in Rajasthan?
Answer:
Rooftop rainwater harvesting is on the decline in western Rajasthan as plenty of water is available from the perennial Rajasthan Canal.

Question 10.
On a political map of India, mark the following dams.
(a) Salal
(b) BhakraNangal
(c) Tehri
(d) Rana Pratap Sagar
(f) Hirakud
(e) Sardar Sarovar
(g) Nagarjuna Sagar
(h) Tungabhadra

JAC Class 10 Social Science Important Questions

JAC Class 10th Geography Resource and Development Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below.

(i) Based on the information given below classify each of the situation as ‘suffering from water scarcity’ or ‘not suffering from water scar
(a) Region with high annual rainfall.
(b) Region having high annual rainfall and large population.
(c) Region having high annual rainfall but water is highly polluted.
(d) Region having low rainfall and low population.
Answer:
(a) Not suffering,
(b) Not suffering
(c) suffering
(d) Not suffering

(ii) Which one of the following statements is not an argument in favour of multipurpose river projects?
(a) Multi-purpose projects bring water to those areas which suffer from water scarcity.
(b) Multi-purpose projects by regulating water flow helps to control Hoods.
(c) Multi-purpose projects lead to large scale’displacements and loss of livelihood.
(d) Multi-purpose projects generate electricity for our industries and our homes.
Answer:
Multi-purpose projects lead to large scale displacements and loss of livelihood.

(iii) Here are some false statements. Identify the mistakes and rewrite them correctly.
(a) Multiplying urban centres with large and dense population and urban lifestyles have helped in proper utilisation of water resources.

(b) Regulating and damming of rivers does not affect the river’s natural flow and its sediment flow.

(c) In Gujarat, the Sabarmati basin farmers were not agitated when higher priority was given to water supply in urban areas, particularly during drought.

(d) Today in Rajasthan, the practice of rooftop rainwater water harvesting has gained popularity despite high water availability due to the Indira Gandhi Canal.
Answer:
(a) Multiplying urban centres with large and dense population and urban lifestyles have caused the over exploitation of water resources.

(b) Regulating and damming of rivers affect their natural flow and causes the sediment to settle at the bottom of the reservoir.

(c) In Gujarat, the Sabarmati basin farmers were agitated when higher priority was given to water supply in urban areas, particularly during drought.

(d) Today in Rajasthan, the practice of rooftop rainwater harvesting is on the decline due to the Rajasthan canal.

Question 2.
Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
(a) Explain how water becomes a renewable resource.
(b) What is water scarcity and what are its main causes?
(c) Compare the advantages and disadvantages of multi-purpose river projects.
Answer:
(a) The freshwater is continually being renewed and recharged through the hydrological cycle. All water moves within the hydrological cycle ensuring that water is a renewable resources.
(b) The cause of water scarcity in most cases is due to over-exploitation, excessive use and unequal access to water among different social groups.

Question 3.
Answer the following questions in about 120 words.
(a) Discuss how rainwater harvesting in semi-arid regions of Rajasthan is carried out.
(b) Describe how modern adaptations of traditional rainwater harvesting methods are being carried out to conserve and store water.
Answer:
(a) In Bikaner, Phalodi and Barmer, Rajasthan, people had a well-structured rooftop rainwater harvesting system which were connected underground. tarikser tankas for storing drinking water, also called ‘Palar Pani’. This water was used during the dry season when there was scarcity of water.

(b) Tamil Nadu is the first state to make rooftop rainwater harvesting compulsory to all houses across the state. There are legal provisions to punish the defaulters. Shillong in Meghalaya, with acute water shortage practises rooftop rainwater harvesting. Shillong 200-year old bamboo drip irrigation system is followed for irrigating plants.

JAC Class 10 Social Science Solutions