JAC Board Class 9th Science Solutions Chapter 13 Why Do We Fall Ill
JAC Class 9th Science Why Do We Fall Ill InText Questions and Answers
Page 178
Question 1.
State any two conditions essential for good health.
Answer:
Two conditions essential for good health are.
(a) An individual must have better health facilities and more professionals around to deal with health problems.
(b) All basic necessary conditions to prevent diseases must be present. For example, proper garbage collection and disposal, cleaning of drains, supply of clean drinking water, etc.
Question 2.
State any two conditions essential for being free of disease.
Answer:
The two conditions essential for being free of disease are.
(a) Personal hygiene and cleanliness are necessary to stay away from diseases.
(b) Individuals should take a balanced diet that contains carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, fibres, and adequate quantity of water.
Question 3.
Are the answers to the above questions necessarily the same or different? Why?
Answer:
The answers to the above questions are different because a person may be free of disease but his mental, social or economical health may not be good.
Page 180
Question 1.
List any three reasons why you would think that you are sick and ought to see a doctor. If only one of these symptoms were present, would you still go to the doctor? Why or why not?
Answer:
The three reasons are:
(a) High fever
(b) Diarrhoea
(c) Stomach pain
The above symptoms basically indicate that there might be a disease, but we cannot predict the kind of disease. Therefore, it becomes necessary to visit a doctor so that the disease can be identified and can be treated with proper medication. However, if any of these symptoms are present, we usually do not visit a doctor. This is because such symptoms do not have much effect on our general health and ability to work. However, if a person is experiencing these symptoms for quite some time, he needs to visit a doctor for proper treatment.
Question 2.
In which of the following cases do you think the long-term effects on your health are likely to be most unpleasant?
- if you get jaundice,
- if you get lice,
- if you get acne. Why?
Answer:
The long-term effects on our health are likely to be most unpleasant if we get jaundice because its symptoms severely affect our internal organs and persist for a long time.
Page 186
Question 1.
Why are we normally advised to take bland and nourishing food when we are sick?
Answer:
We are normally advised to take bland and nourishing food when we are sick because we are weak during illness and need complete nourishment for faster recovery.
Question 2.
What are the different means by which infectious diseases are spread?
Answer:
The different means by which infectious diseases spread are.
(a) Air. They are also called air-borne diseases. The air carries disease causing bacteria, viruses, etc., and the diseases that can be caused are. common cold, influenza, tuberculosis, etc
(b) Food and water: When one eats or drinks contaminated food/water that contains bacteria, viruses, worms, etc., it can cause diseases like cholera, typhoid, hepatitis, etc.
(c) Contact: Many diseases spread by contact of infected person with the healthy person, e.g., fungal infections, skin diseases, scabies, etc.
(d) Sexual contact: Many diseases can be transmitted by sexual contact, e. g., syphilis, AIDS, etc.
(e) Body fluids: Fluids like blood, semen and mother’s milk, when infected, can also cause diseases., e.g., AIDS.
(f) Vectors: The organism that spreads a disease by carrying pathogens from one place to another is called vector, e.g., mosquitoes are vectors that carry pathogens like protozoa which can cause malaria.
Question 3.
What precautions can you take in your school to reduce the incidence of infectious diseases?
Answer:
The precautions that one can take in school to reduce the incidence of infectious diseases are as follows.
- Using handkerchief while coughing or sneezing.
- Washing hands before eating food.
- Staying at home if anyone suffers from infectious diseases.
- Getting vaccinated well before the infection affects.
- Keeping the school surroundings clean and checking for stagnant water.
Question 4.
What is immunization?
Answer:
Immunization is a method of preparing memory cells in immune system. In this method, weak or dead microbes of a disease are injected in the body such that they develop memory lymphocytes (WBCs) but do not cause the actual disease, e.g., vaccination against polio, tetanus, etc.
Question 5.
What are the immunization programmes available at the nearest health centre in your locality? Which of these diseases are the major health problems in your area?
Answer:
- DPT vaccine for diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus in infants.
- Pulse polio vaccine to prevent polio.
- BCG vaccine for tuberculosis.
- Hepatitis vaccine for hepatitis.
- TAB vaccine for typhoid. Tuberculosis and diarrhoea are the major health problems in our area.
JAC Class 9th Science Why Do We Fall Ill Textbook Questions and Answers
Question 1.
How many times did you fall ill in the last one year? What were the illnesses?
(a) Think of one change you could make in your habits in order to avoid any of / most of the above illnesses.
(b) Think of one change you would wish for in your surroundings in order to avoid any of / most of the above illnesses.
Answer:
This varies from person to person. Some people fall ill several times in a year while others do not fall ill at all. A person’s immune system and hygiene-related habits play a major role in determining the person’s health.
Question 2.
A doctor/nurse/health worker is exposed to more sick people than others in the community. Find out how she/he avoids getting sick herself/ himself?
Answer:
Doctors/nurses/health workers when exposed to sick people keep their nose and mouth covered, take care of hygiene, wash hands with soap before drinking water or eating food. They use mask, gloves, etc., to avoid direct contact with the person suffering from infectious diseases.
Question 3.
Conduct a survey in your neighbourhood to find out what the three most common diseases are. Suggest three steps that could be taken by your local authorities to bring down the incidence of these diseases.
Answer:
- Three most common diseases are:
- (a) tuberculosis
- (b) typhoid
- (c) jaundice
- Steps to be taken to bring down the incidence of these diseases are:
- (a) Proper disposal of sewage.
- (b) Ensuring supply of safe drinking water.
- (c) Providing a clean environment and preventing mosquitoes from breeding.
Question 4.
A baby is not able to tell his/her caretakers that she/he is sick. What would help us to find out.
(a) that the baby is sick?
(b) what is the sickness?
Answer:
(a) We can find out that the baby is sick by his/her behavioural changes such as constant crying, improper intake of food, frequent mood change, etc.
(b) The sickness is determined by symptoms or indications that can be seen in the baby. The symptoms may include vomiting, fever, loose motions, paleness in the body, etc.
Question 5.
Under which of the following conditions is a person most likely to fall sick?
(a) When she is recovering from malaria.
(b) When she has recovered from malaria and is taking care of someone suffering from chickenpox.
(c) When she is on a four-day fast after recovering from malaria and is taking care of someone suffering from chickenpox. Why?
Answer:
A person is more likely to fall sick when she is on a four-day fast after recovering from malaria and is taking care of someone who is suffering from chickenpox. This is because she is fasting during recovery and her immune system is so weak that it is not able to protect its own body from any foreign infection. If she is taking care of someone suffering from chickenpox, she has more chances of getting infected by the chickenpox virus and will get sick again with this disease.
Question 6.
Under which of the following conditions are you most likely to fall sick? Give reasons.
(a) When you are taking examinations.
(b) When you have travelled by bus and train for two days.
(c) When your friend is suffering from measles.
Answer:
You are more likely to fall sick when your friend is suffering from measles. This is because measles is highly contagious and can easily spread through breathing, i. e., through air. Thus, if your friend is suffering from measles, take proper care otherwise you might easily get infected with the disease.