JAC Board Class 9th Social Science Solutions Civics Chapter 5 Democratic Rights
JAC Class 9th Civics Democratic Rights InText Questions and Answers
Questions of Unni & Munni (Page No. 76)
Question 1.
If you were a Serb, would you support what Milosevic did in Kosovo? Do you think his project of establishing Serb dominance was good for the Serbs?
Answer:
If, I were a serb, I would not support what Milosevic did in Kosovo. Really! his project of establishing Serb dominance was not good for the serbs.
Activity (Page No. 77)
Question 1.
Write a letter to Anas Jamil in UK, describing your reactions after reading his letter to Tony Blair.
Answer:
Dear Anas Jamil,
I have read your letter which was sent by you to the Prime Minister of United Kingdom. I have sympathy with you. It is your right to know the reason why your father is in prison. Why don’t you report in Amnesty International. It is an organisation of international human rights which collects information on the condition of the prisoners in Guantanamo Bay. It was reported that the prisoners were being tortured in ways that violated the US laws. The UN Secretary General said that the prison in Guantanamo Bay should be closed down. But the US government refused to accept it. I agreed with that the injustice is being done with you and your father. But keep patience, God will show you the path of light. I hope your problem will be solved.
Always with you.
Yours wellwisher
Ram Pathak
Question 2.
Write a letter from Batisha in Kosovo to a woman who faced a similar situation in
India.
Answer:
Dear Heena,
I hope that you will be fine. I am really very upset to hear this situation. A person who suffers this pain only can understand the condition of others. I don’t understand why a person hurts like this by his fellow men. Is the blood flowing inside him is not the same as in others ? And every person has a limit to bear the pain. Thus, we should fight against this massacre or crime.
Always with you.
Yours wellwisher
Batisha
Question 3.
Write a memorandum on behalf of women in Saudi Arabia to Secretary General of the United Nations.
Answer:
Secretary General,
United Nations Organisation.
Sir,
I want to pull your attention towards the worst condition of Saudi Arabian women and request you to the following measures :
1. Role of women must be compulsory in changing the rulers or in an election.
2. Women should be placed in the legislature and executive.
3. Public restrictions on women must be abolished.
4. Women should be provided the same status as men.
Yours wellwisher,
Shabana.
Check Your Progress (Page No. 77)
Question 1.
For each of the three cases of life without rights, mention an example from India. These could include the following:
1. Newspaper reports on custodial violence.
2. Newspaper reports on force-feeding of prisoners who go on hunger strike.
3. Ethnic massacre in any part of our country.
4. Reports regarding unequal treatment of women.
List the similarities and differences between the eaHier case and the Indian example. It is not necessary that for each cases you must find an exact Indian parallel.
Answer:
Student do it yourself.
Questions of Unni & Munni (Page No. 78-79)
Question 1.
What are the examples of elected governments not protecting or even attacking the rights of their own citizens? Why do theyfdo that?
Answer:
The examples of elected governments not protecting or even attacking the rights of their own citizens are government of Saudi Arabia and Former Yugoslavia.
They do that to achieve power and to control their citizens.
Question 2.
Everyone knows that the rich can have better lawyers in the courts. What is the point in talking about equality before law?
Answer:
It is true that rich people can have better lawyer in the courts on the strength of money. But according to the eonstitution the government will provide free “judicial service to every person on his demand. This is done in the name of equality before the law or equal protection of the law.
This means that the law makes no distinction between rich and poor. In his view all are equal. The rich may collect better lawyers, but if found guilty in the democratic system, they will also get the same punishment as any ordinary citizen. Hence equality before the law has a very wide meaning.
Activity (Page No. 80)
Question 1.
Go to the playground of the school or any stadium and watch a 400-metre race on any track. Why are the competitors in the outer lane placed ahead of those in the inner lane at the starting point of the race? What would happen if all the competitors start the race from the same line? Which of these two would be an equal and fair race? Apply this example to a competition for jobs.
Answer:
At the starting point of the race, the competitors in the outer lane placed ahead of those in the inner lane because the circumference of the inner lane is less than the circumference of the outer lane and to equalise this difference a player in the outer lane is placed ahead of those in the inner lane.
If all the competitors start the race from the same line than the racer of the inner lane reached first. First condition would be an equal and fair race. This example is also applicable to a competition for jobs. It is done by providing educational facilities and reservation for the weaker sections of the society.
Question 2.
Observe any big public building. Is there a ramp for physically handicapped? Are there any other facilities that make it possible for physically handicapped to use the building in the same way as any one else? Should these special facilities be provided, if it leads to extra expenditure on the building? Do these special provisions go against the principle of equality?
Answer:
Our city has a large public building, where ramps have been built for the physically handicapped. There are also many other facilities that handicapped person can easily use. For this reason, the utility of that building is as much for the handicapped as it is for the common people, it is necessary to provide this facility.
The handicapped persons are also members of our society and are respected citizens of this country. Those who have the right to equal use of public buildings. Yes, these special facilities should be provided, if it leads to extra expenditure on the building. No, these special provisions do not go against the principle of equality.
Questions of Unni & Munni (Page 81)
Question 1.
Should the freedom of expression be extended to those who are spreading wrong and narrow-minded ideas? Should they be allowed to confuse the public?
Answer:
No, the freedom of expression should not be extended to those who are spreading wrong and narrow minded ideas. They should be not allowed to confuse the public.
Check Your Progress (Page No. 83)
Question 1.
Are these cases instances of violation of right to freedom? If yes, which constitutional provision does each of these violate?
1. The government of India banned Salman Rushdie’s book Satanic Verses on the ground that it was disrespectful to Prophet Mohammed and was likely to hurt the feelings of Muslim community.
2. Every film has to be approved by the Censor Board of the government before it can
be shown to the public. But there is no such restriction if the same story is published in a book or a magazine.
3. The government is considering a proposal that there will be industrial zones or sectors of economy where workers will not be allowed to form unions or go on strike.
4. City administration has imposed a ban on use of public microphones after 10 p.m. in view of the approaching secondary school examinations.
Answer:
- Yes, this cas’e is an instance of violation of right to freedom. It violates the freedom of speech and expression.
- Yes, this case is an instance of violation of right to freedom because a film affects the whole society but books are read by only educated class of society.
- Yes, this case is an instance of violation of right to freedom. It violates the freedom to form an association.
- No, this case is not an instance of violation of right to freedom because our constitution gives us freedom but not to imitate others.
Check Your Progress (Page No. 83)
Question 1.
On the basis of these news reports write a letter to the editor or a petition to a court highlighting the violation of right against exploitation:
(i) A petition was filed in the Madras High Court, the petitioner said a large number of children aged between 7 and 12 were taken from villages in Salem district and sold at auctions at Olur Nagar in Kerala’s Thrissur district. The petitioner requested the courts to order the government to check these facts.
(ii) Children, from the age of five, were employed in the iron ore mines in the Hospet, Sandur and the Ikal areas in Karnataka. Children were forced to carry out digging, breaking stones, loading, dumping, transporting and processing of iron ore with no safety equipment, fixed wages and working hours. They handled a high-level of toxic wastes and were exposed to mine dust, which was above the permissible level. The school dropout rate in the region was very high. [March 2005]
(iii) The latest annual survey conducted by the National sample survey organisation found that the number of female child labourers was growing both in rural and urban areas. The survey revealed there were 41 female child labourers per thousand worker population in rural areas as against the previous figure of 34 per thousand. The figure for male child had remained at 31.
Answer:
Chief Justice
Tees Hazari District Court,
Delhi – 110006
Sub: Violation of right against exploitation.
Sir,
According to the various newspaper reports the children aged between 7 to 12 were forced to work in mines to carryout digging, breaking stones, loading, dumping, transporting and processing of metals. They are still sold at auction. This is an age when they are supposed to study instead they are working to fulfil their family needs. Thus, I want to drag your attention to c heck these facts and take proper action.
Petitioner
Questions of Unni & Munni (Page No. 84-85)
Question 1.
The constitution does not give people their religion. Then how can it give people the right to practice their religion?
Answer:
In a secular democracy, the people are free to choose and practice any religion of their choice. This is their fundamental right which gives them freedom to follow any religion.
Question 2.
Can the President of India stop you from approaching the Supreme Court to secure your fundamental rights?
Answer:
No, the President of India cannot stop us from approaching the Supreme Court to secure our fundamental rights.
Activity (Page No. 84)
Question 3.
Do you know that the minimum wages in your state are? If not, can you find out ? Speak to five people doing different types of work in your neighbourhood and find out if they are earning the minimum wages or not. Ask them if men and women are getting the same wages.
Answer:
The minimum wages in our state is? 225-00 per day. In my neighborhood, five people doing different types of work are the following:
| Name of Person | Work | Finding Minimum wages (Yes/No) |
| 1. Aman Singh | Sweeper | Yes |
| 2. Raj Yadav | Electrician | Yes |
| 3. Narendra Prakash | Carpenter | Yes |
| 4. Dipti Sagar | Labourer | Yes |
| 5. Saurah Sinha | Labourer | Yes |
Yes, they all are aware about the minimum wages. Men and women are getting the same wages in all kinds of work except construction work.
Check Your Progress (Page No. 85)
Question 1.
Read these news reports and identify the right that is being debated in each of these cases:
1. An emergency session of the Shiromani Gurudwara Parbandhak Committee (SGPC) rejected the proposal to form a separate body to manage the affairs of sikh shrines in Haryana. It warned the government that the sikh community would not tolerate any interference in their religious affairs.
2. The Allahabad High Court quashed the Central law, which gave Aligarh Muslim University its minority status and held illegal the reservation of seats for Muslims in its postgraduate medical courses. The Rajasthan Government has decided to enact an anti-conversion law. Christian leaders have said that the. Bill would aggravate the sense of insecurity and fear in the minds of minorities.
Answer:
- Right to Freedom of Religion.
- Right to Equality.
- Right to Freedom of Religion.
Activity (Page No. 87)
Question 1.
Is there a State Human Rights Commission in your state? Find out about its activities.
Answer:
Student do it yourself.
Question of Unni Munni (Page No. 87)
Question 1.
Are these rights only for adults? Which of these rights are available to children.
Answer:
No, these rights are not only for adults.
The rights available the children are – Right to live life, Right to freedom of religion, right to equality and Right to education etc.
JAC Class 9th Civics Democratic Rights Textbook Questions and Answers
Question 1.
Which of the following is not an instance of an exercise of a fundamental right?
(a) Workers from Bihar go to Punjab to work on the farms.
(b) Christian missions set up a chain of missionary schools.
(c) Men and women government employees get the same salary.
(d) Parents, property is inherited by their children.
Answer:
(d) Parent’s property is inherited by their children.
Question 2.
Which of the following freedoms is not available to an Indian citizen?
(a) Fredom to criticise the government
(b) Freedom to participate in armed revolution
(c) Freedom to start a movement to change the government
(d) Freedom to oppose the central values of the constitution
Answer:
(b) Freedom to participate in armed revolution
Question 3.
Which of the following rights is available under the Indian constitution ?
(a) Right to work
(b) Right to adequate livelihood
(c) Right to protect one’s culture
(d) Right to privacy
Answer:
(c) Right to protect one’s culture
Question 4.
Name the Fundamental Right under which each of the following rights falls:
(a) Freedom to propagate one’s religion
(b) Right to life
(c) Abolition of untouchability
(d) Ban on bonded labour
Answer:
(a) Right to freedom of religion
(b) Right to freedom
(c) Right to equality
(d) Right against exploitation
Question 5.
Which of these statements about the relationship between democracy and rights is more valid? Give reasons for your preference.
(a) Every country that is a democracy gives rights to its citizens.
(b) Every country that gives rights to its citizens is a democracy.
(c) Giving rights is good, but it is not necessary for a democracy.
Answer:
(a) Every country that is a democracy gives rights to its citizens Reasons for preference:
- According to the definition of democracy, it is for the people, thus citizens’ rights are
protected in a democracy. - The main principle of democracy is an equality. Thus, in democracy the place for
equality and development of citizen is definite.
Question 6.
Are these restrictions on the right to freedom justified ? Give reasons for your answer.
(a) Indian citizens need permission to visit some border areas of the country for reasons of security.
(b) Outsiders are not allowed to buy property in sgme areas to protect the interest of the local population.
(c) The government bans the publication of a book that can go against the ruling party in the next elections.
Answer:
(a) Statement (a) is justified on the right to freedom. If the government imposes a ban on people moving to some sensitive border areas, then it is all right. Because it not only threatens the security of the person concerned but by taking advantage of it, people involved in anti-national activities can also exchange information with enemies. Also, such freedom can encourage illegal trade and infiltration across the border.
(b) Statement (b) is justified on the right to freedom. Citizens also have the freedom to settle anywhere in the country under the freedom given by the constitution, but if the government decides in the interest of the local people that an outsider can not buy property in a particular area then it is only fair. This is done by the government to maintain the special cultural identity of the people there.
(c) No, it is not justified on the right to freedom. People have the freedom to express their views under the constitution and the book is a medium for expressing their views. The condition is that such view should not be anti-social or anti-national. But if the government been the publication of a book only for the reason that it is against his party or it may have an impact on the ruling party in the next elections, then it is wrong. This violates a person’s right to freedom.
Question 7.
Manoj went to a college to apply for admission into an MBA Course. The clerk refused to take his applications and said “You, the son of a sweeper, wish to be a manager. Has anyone done this job in your community ? Go to the municipality office and apply for a sweeper’s position.” Which of Manoj’s fundamental rights are being violated in this instance ? Spell these out in a letter from Manoj to the district collector.
Answer:
1. In, this instance following fundamental rights of Manoj are being violated:
(a) Right to equality and
(b) Right to freedom
2. The District Collector Agra, (U. P.)
Sub: Redressal required of violation of my right to equality for admission in a college.
Sir
I wish to inform you that my admission for pursuing a course leading to the MBA degree in D.B. college, farah in your district has been refused because the clerk of the college said, “you are the son of a sweeper. Np body from your community has done such a course,” This is totally unjust and a violation of my Right to Equality.
I am fully qualified to apply for the course, having already completed my graduation. You are requested to look into this matter and talk to the authorities of the concerned college to accept my application.
Tliank you.
Sincerely yours,
Manoj.
Question 8.
When Madhurima went to the property registration office, the Registrar told her, “You can’t write your name as Madhurima Baneijee d/o A. K. Banerjee. You are married, so you must give your husband’s flame. Your husband’s surname is Rao. So your name should be changed to Madhurima Rao.” She did not agreelShe said “If my husband’s name has not changed after marriage. Why should mine?” In your opinion who is right in this dispute? And Why?
Answer:
After her marriage, a woman has a right either to retain her maiden name alongwith the surname of her parents or she can change her maiden surname by her husband’s surname. In my opinion Madhurima is right in this dispute.
Question 9.
Thousands of tribals and other forest dweller gathered at Piparia in Hoshangabad district in Madhya Pradesh to protest against their proposed displacement from the Satpura National Park, Bori Wildlife Sanctuary and Panchmarhi wildlife sanctuary. They argue that such a displacement is an attack on their livelihood and beliefs.
Government claims that their displacement is essential for the development of the area and for protection of wildlife. Write a petition on behalf of the forest dweller’s to the NHRC, a response from the government and a report of the NHRC on this matter.
Answer:
1. A petition on behalf of the forest dwellers to the NHRC.
Commissioner
National Human Rights Commission,
New Delhi,
Subject: In relation to displacements.
Sir,
This petition is concerned to the displacement from Satpura National Park, Bori wildlife sanctuary and Panchmarhi wildlife sanctuary. It is a matter of suffering for livelihood and beliefs. Our ancestors live in jungle and worship their Forest God’ and ‘mountains’ but we cannot not continue it due to our displacement. Please enquire the matter and then take a decision.
Petitioner,
Tribal people.
2. A response from the government A Public Information
This is to inform the people living in Satpura National Park, Bori wildlife sanctuary and Panchmarhi wildlife sanctuary that their displacement is necessary due to following reasons:
- It is necessary for the development of these areas.
- If these people live here continuously then it is difficult to save the endangered species of this region.
- It is essential to save the nature and wildlife for the future generations.
3. A report of National Human Rights Commission:
The Madhya Pradesh Government should clarify the following points in order to fulfil the sufficient recovery amount:
- The houses of forest dwellers should be premade and distributed fairly.
- All tribal people should be provided loan on minimum interest to set up new business.
- They all should be provided an adequate training to start the small scale industries.
Question 10.
Draw a web interconnecting different rights discussed in this chapter. For example, right to freedom of movement is connected to the freedom of occupation. One reason for this is that freedom of movement enables a person to go to place of work within one’s village or city or to another village, city or state. Similarly this right can be used for pillgrimage, connected with freedom to follow one’s religion. Draw a circle for each right and mark arrows that show connection between or among different rights. For each arrow give an example that shows, the linkage.
Answer:
