JAC Class 10 Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 2 Forest and Wildlife Resources 

JAC Board Class 10th Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 2 Forest and Wildlife Resources

JAC Class 10th Geography Forest and Wildlife Resources Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below.
(i) Which of these statements is not a valid reason for the depletion of flora and fauna?
(a) Agricultural expansion.
(b) Large scale developmental projects.
(c) Grazing and fuel wood collection.
(d) Rapid industrialisation and urbanisation.
Answer:
(c) Grazing and fuel wood collection.

JAC Class 10 Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 2 Forest and Wildlife Resources 

(ii) Which of the following conservation strategies do not directly involve community participation?
(a) Joint Forest Management
(b) Chipko Movement
(c) Beej Bachao Andolan
(d) Demarcation ofWildlife Sanctuaries
Answer:
(d) Demarcation ofWildlife Sanctuaries

Question 2.
Match the following animals with their category of existence.

Animals/PlantsCategory of existence
Black buckExtinct
Asiatic elephantRare
Andaman wild pigEndangered
Himalayan brown bearVulnerable
Pink head duckEndemic

Answer:

Animals/PlantsCategory of existence
Black buckEndangered
Asiatic elephantVulnerable
Andaman wild pigEndemic
Himalayan brown bearRare
Pink head duckExtinct

Question 3.
Match the following.

Reservedother forests and wastelands’ belonging to both government and private individuals and communities.
Protected forestsforests are regarded as most valuable as far as the conservation of forest and wildlife resources.
Unclassed, forestsforest lands are protected from any further depletion.

Answer:

Reservedforests are regarded as’ most valuable as far as the conservation of forest and wildlife resources.
Protected forestsforest lands are protected from any further depletion.
Unclassed forestsother forests and wastelands belonging to both government and private individuals and communities.

Question 4.
Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
(a) What is biodiversity? Why is biodiversity important for human lives?
(b) How have human activities affected the depletion of flora and fauna? Explain.
Answer:
(a) Biodiversity is immensely rich in wildlife and cultivated species, diverse in form and function, but closely integrated in a system through multiple networks of interdependencies. Biodiversity is important for humans because human beings, with biodiversity, form a complete ecological system in which we are a part and are dependent on this system for our own existence.

JAC Class 10 Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 2 Forest and Wildlife Resources 

(b) Following human activities affected the depletion of flora and fauna:

  1. Habitat destruction, hunting, poaching, over-exploitation, environmental pollution, poisoning and forest fires.
  2. Unequal access, inequitable consumption of resources and differential sharing of responsibility for environmental well-being.
  3. Grazing and fuel-wood collection.
  4. Use valuable forest products, minerals and other resources that meet the demands of the rapidly expanding industrial-urban economy.
  5. Large-scale development projects.
  6. Mining is another important factor behind deforestation. The Buxa Tiger Reserve in West Bengal is seriously threatened by the ongoing dolomite mining. It has disturbed the natural habitat of many species and blocked the migration route of several others, including the great Indian elephant.
  7. The major threat to tiger population by poaching for trade, shrinking habitat, depletion of prey base species, growing human population, etc. The trade of tiger skins and the use of their bones in traditional medicines.

Question 5.
Answer the following questions in about 120 words.
(a) Describe how communities have conserved and protected forests and wildlife in India?
(b) Write a note on good practices towards conserving forest and wildlife.
Answer:
(a) Role of Community (local people) in Conserving Forest and Wildlife:
Community or local people are very helpful in conserving biodiversity i.e. plants and animals. Many communities live in the forest. Forest is home of many traditional people. In Rajasthan, local people came forward to stop mining activities to protect Sariska Tiger Reserve.

People of five villages in the Alwar district of Rajasthan have declared 1200 hectares of land as ‘Bhairodev Dakav Sonchuri’ in which hunting is not allowed. In Jharkhand, Munda tribe worship Mahua and Kadamba trees and they protect them.

Famous Chipko Movement in Himalayas was started by local community only. Beej Bachao Andolan in Tehri and Navdanya have produced crops without the use of synthetic chemicals. Joint Forest Management [JFM] started in Odisha is good method of involving local community in management and restoration of degraded forest.

JAC Class 10 Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 2 Forest and Wildlife Resources 

(b) According to the state of forest report (2015), the dense forest cover has increased by 3,775 sq km since 2013.

(i) This apparent increase in the forest cover is due to conservation measures, management interventions and plantation, etc., by different agencies.

(ii) The Indian wildlife (Protection) Act was implemented in 1972, with various provisions for protecting habitats.

(iii) An all India list of protected species ‘ was also published. The thrust of the
programme was towards protecting the remaining population of certain endangered species.

(iv) Central and many state governments established national parks and wildlife sanctuaries.

(v) The central government announced several projects for protecting specific animals, which were gravely threatened, including the tiger, the one-horned rhinoceros, the Kashmir stag or hangul, three types of crocodiles etc.

(vi) Most recently, the Indian elephant, black buck (chinkara), the great Indian bustard (godawan) and the snow leopard, etc. have been full or partial legal protection against hunting and trade throughout India.

(vii) Under Wildlife Act of 1980 and 1986, several hundred butterflies, moths, beetles, and one dragonfly have been added to the list of protected species. In 1991, for the first time plants were also added to the list, starting with six species.

(viii) In Some areas of India, local communities are struggling to conserve these habitats along with government officials like Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, Bhairodev Dakav ‘Sonchuri’, Chipko movement, the Beej Bachao Andolan in Tehri and Navdanya, joint forest management (JFM) etc.

JAC Class 10 Social Science Solutions

JAC Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 2 Forest and Wildlife Resources 

JAC Board Class 10th Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 2 Forest and Wildlife Resources

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1.
Buxa Tiger Reserve is seriously threatened by the mining of?
(a) Iron
(b) Coal
(c) Bauxite
(d) Dolomite
Answer:
(d) Dolomite

Question 2.
Which of the following plays a key role in the ecological system?
(a) Rocks
(b) Roads
(c) Forests
(d) None of these
Answer:
(c) Forests

JAC Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 1 Resource and Development

Question 3.
Which one among the following are not a part of the complex web of ecological system?
(a) Plants
(b) Animals
(c) Computers
(d) Humans
Answer:
(c) Computers

Question 4.
Biodiversity is very important for which of the following creatures?
(a) Plants
(b) Earthworms
(c) Humans
(d) Aliens
Answer:
(c) Humans

Question 5.
What percentage of India’s wild flora and mammals are on the threatened list?
(a) 10 percent of recorded wild flora and 20 percent of mammals
(b) 20 percent of recorded wild flora and 10 percent of mammals
(c) 10 percent of cultivated species of flora and 20 percent animals
(d) None of the above.
Answer:
(a) 10 percent of recorded wild flora and 20 percent of mammals

Question 6.
Which of the following birds do not fall in the category of ‘critical’ species?
(a) Pink-headed duck
(b) Peacock
(c) Mountain quail
(d) Forest-spotted owl
Answer:
(b) Peacock

Question 7.
Which of the following is a species of grass categorised as a ‘critical’ species among the threatened list of flora and fauna?
(a) Taxus
(b) Tamarindus indica
(c) Hubbardia heptaneuron
(d) Mangifera indica
Answer:
(c) Hubbardia heptaneuron

JAC Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 1 Resource and Development

Question 8.
Determining the different categories of existing plants and animal species are based on which of the following agencies?
(a) The State Forest Department
(b) International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN).
(c) Forest Survey of India
(d) Earth Summit
Answer:
(b) International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN).

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Name any one species in India which is already extinct.
Answer:
Asiatic cheetah is already extinct in India.

Question 2.
How are various species interdependent in the ecosystem?
Answer:
The plants, animals and micro-organisms recreate the quality of the air we breathe, the water we drink and the soil that produces our food without which we cannot survive.

Question 3.
What is the role of forests in ecological system?
Answer:
Forests plays a key role in the ecological system as these are also the primary producers on which all other living beings depend.

JAC Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 1 Resource and Development

Question 4.
Which are endangered species?
Answer:
The cheetah, pink-headed duck, mountain quail, forest spotted owlet and plants like mahua and hubbardia are all at the verge of extinction. The survival of such species is difficult if the negative factors that have led to a decline in their population continue to operate.

Question 5.
How is colonial period to be blamed for depletion of forest?
Answer:
The greatest damage inflicted on Indian forests was during the colonial period due to the expansion of the railways, agriculture, and commercial and scientific forestry and mining activities.

Question 6.
What are the main causes of environ-mental destruction?
Answer:
Important causes of environmental destruction are unequal access, inequitable consumption of resources and differential sharing of responsibility for environmental well-being.

JAC Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 1 Resource and Development

Question 7.
How are animal and plant life catego-rized?
Answer:
Animal and plant life can be categorized as follows: Normal Species, Endangered Species, Vulnerable Species, Rare Species, Endemic Species, Extinct Species.

JAC Class 10 Social Science Important Questions