JAC Board Class 10th Social Science Important Questions Economics Chapter 2 Sectors of Indian Economy
Multiple Choice Questions
Question 1.
NSSO is an organization under:
(a) Ministry of Human Resource Development
(b) Ministry of Foreign Affairs
(c) Ministry of Statistics, Planning and Programme Implementation
(d) Census of India
Answer:
(c) Ministry of Statistics, Planning and Programme Implementation
Question 2.
Which organization in India conducts the employment and unemployment survey every five years?
(a) Census of India
(b) NSSO
(c) Economic Survey
(d) None of the above
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) NSSO
Question 3.
Which sector is also called the service sector?
(a) Primary
(b) Secondary
(c) Tertiary
(d) None of these
(d) None of these
Answer:
(c) Tertiary
Question 4.
What does ‘GDP’ stand for?
(a) Gross Domestic Product
(b) Gross Debited Product
(c) Goods Direct Production
(d) Gross Direct Production
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) Gross Domestic Product
Question 5.
Mark the odd one out.
(a) Forestry
(b) Fishing
(c) Question uarrying
(d) Banking
(d) None of these
Answer:
(d) None of these
Question 6.
Alabourer working in a construction site is in ………… sector of employment.
(a) Organized
(b) Unorganized
(c) Disguised unemployment
(d) None of the above
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) Unorganized
Question 7.
Through which shops Government of India sells wheat and rice at lower rate to consumers?
(a) Ration shops
(b) Departmental stores
(e) Kirana store
(d) Fair price shop
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) Ration shops
Question 8.
TISCO is a ……….. sector organization.
(a) Public
(b) Private
(c) NGO
(d) Semi Government
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) Private
Question 9.
Ten people working on a small field, is an example of ……….
(a) Full employment
(b) Disguised unemployment
(c) Unemployment
(d) Disguised employment
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) Disguised unemployment
Question 10.
Which sector contributed maximum in India’s GDP in 2003?
(a) Primary
(b) Secondary
(c) Tertiary
(d) None of these
Answer:
(c) Tertiary
Very Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Define Economy.
Answer:
Economy is related with the production, consumption and distribution pattern of goods and services in a region. It shows the status of the region.
Question 2.
What is primary sector activity?
Answer:
Primary sector activity involves producing goods by directly using natural resources.
Question 3.
Give one example each of primary, secondary and tertiary activities.
Answer:
- Primary: Forestry.
- Secondary: Furniture making.
- Tertiary: Banking.
Question 4.
Define secondary sector activity.
Answer:
Secondary sector includes those activities in which natural products are transformed into other products by ways of manufacturing.
Question 5.
What Is tertiary sector?
Answer:
Tertiary sector activities do not involve direct production of goods like the other two sectors, but these activities support the primary and secondary sector to develop.
Question 6.
Define GDP.
Answer:
Gross Domestic Product is the final value of goods and services produced in all of the three sectors in a year.
Question 7.
Who calculates GDP in India?
Answer:
The mammoth task of calculating GDP in India is done by Central government ministry.
Question 8.
Name few basic services that a developing country’s government need to provide to its citizens.
Answer:
Some basic services that a developing country’s government needs to provide to its citizens are educational institutions, medical facilities, transport, banking etc.
Question 9.
What is the full form of NREGA?
Answer:
The full form of NREGA is National Rural Employment Guarantee Act.
Question 10.
When was NREGA launched?
Answer:
NREGA was launched in the year 2005 in India.
Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Define public sector and what Is its purpose?
Answer:
- Public sector includes government organization which are owned, controlled and managed by the government. For example, AIIMS, State Bank of india etc., are public sector organizations.
- The purpose of public sector organization is to provide services to the people at reasonable costs and with more benefits.
Question 2.
Why the value of final goods and services Is counted in calculating GDP?
Answer:
- The value of fmal goods and services is counted to avoid repetition of calculating value of same item more than once.
- For example, if biscuit is a final goods then its value of Rs. 50 would include the value of wheat, flour, sugar, oil, etc. So if value f all items is considered separately for GDP along with the value of biscuit, which is the final goods then there, will be repetition of values as the cost of biscuit
would already include all the values of the itens.
Question 3.
Why primary sector is called ‘Primary’?
Answer:
Primary sector is called primary because it provides the base for all other products that are made in the secondary sector. For example, minerals such as iron are natural product produced from exploiting natural resources, which is an activity of the primary sector and when the same iron is processed to make iron rods, then it’s an activity of secondary sector.
Question 4.
Why MGNREGA 2005 is called ‘Right to work’?
Answer:
MGNREGA 2005 is called right to work, because this Act guarantees 100 days of employment for those who are able to and are in need of work in a year by the government. Also, if the government fails to keep its guarantee, then the government would pay unemployment allowance to the people.
Question 5.
Why government raises money through taxes?
Answer:
Government raises money through taxes to provide basic services and facilities to its people. With the raised tax money government construct roadways, build infrastructure, provide other services such as education, health, transport and communication etc.
Question 6.
Define private sector and its purpose.
Answer:
Privatesectorincludesthoseorganizations, which are owned, controlled and managed by private companies or individuals or a family. Such as Reliance Industries, Bajaj Motors etc. The main purpose of these organizations is to earn profit.
Question 7.
What is Economic and Social development?
Answer:
Economic development is when people are financially in better position with higher per capita income. When people of a country are able to lead a good quality standard of living with a decent income that is economic development.Social development happens when all sections of the society is equally treated and no one is discriminated on the basis of caste or religion. When every individual of a society is able to lead a decent life and are able to reach their full potential is social development.
Question 8.
What does the statement means that ‘workers in agricultural sector are under employed’?
Answer:
Workers in agricultural sector are under employed means more people are engaged in agricultural work than required, hence the workers are neither able to work to their full potential and nor get paid fully.
Question 9.
What are the three types of sectoral classification of the economy?
Answer:
The three types of sectoral classification are:
- On the basis of economic activities: Primary, Secondary and Tertiary.
- On the basis of ownership: Private and Public sector.
- On the basis of employment: Organized and unorganized.
Question 10.
What are intermediate goods?
Answer:
Intermediate goods are partly finished goods, which are further processed or used to produce the final goods.
Long Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Whieh sector in India employs maximum workers and why?
Answer:
- The secondary and tertiary sectors though contribute majority to India’s GDP; have not yet been able to generate employment like in primary sector.
- The primary sector in India employs maximum workers because of lack of job opportunities in other sectors.
- Primary sector activities mainly agriculture, do not require high skills hence attract more people to work. More than half of the working population in India still works in primary sector contributing only a quarter of GDP.
- Secondary and tertiary sector requires highly skill based and educated workers than the primary sector.
- Lower level of education or lack of required level of skills thus limits the employment opportunity for many workers.
Question 2.
Why is tertiary sector developing or becoming important in India?
Answer:
Tertiary sector is becoming important in India because:
- In a developing country like India the government needs to provide the provision for basic services to its citizens such as health facilities, education facilities, transportation, safe drinking water etc.
- The development of primary and secondary sector automatically leads to the development of services such as transportation, banking, insurance etc.
- With rising income demand for various services like shopping tourism, private hospital also increases.
- Development in the information and technology, the demand for newer services are also increasing.
Question 3.
Explain the historical changes that have taken in different sectors of economy in the developed countries.
Answer:
The historical pattern of development of different sectors in the developed countries shows that:
- Even in developed countries primary sector was the most important sector of economic activity.
- With passage of time and better mechanization and industrialization secondary sector became important.
- But now in the last 100 years there has been a further shift from secondary to tertiary sector m developed countries. The service sector has become the most important in terms of total production. Most of the working people are also employed in the service sector.
Question 4.
Which are the people who need protection in unorganised sector?
Or
Suggest ways to protect the workers in the unorganized sector.
Answer:
- Landless farmers in the rural areas get exploited by their landlords, who make them work on low wages and don’t pay the workers during off season. Even marginal fanners and artisans need protection from low earning or no earning periods.
- Marginal farmers and artisans can be given monetary support to help them buy good quality seeds or other raw materials. Good quality seeds can grow into good quality crops and farmers can have better productions from their fields.
- Farmers need to be supported through adequate facility for timely delivery of seeds, agricultural inputs, credit, storage facilities and marketing outlets. Government needs to give job opportunities to the farmers/ workers during off season.
- In urban areas, construction labourers, small scale industries workers, street vendors, rickshaw pullers etc. can be given monetary supports, so that if wanted they can start with something or some business of their own.
- Government should frame laws to fix the working hours of workers in unorganized sector and pay extra for overtime.
- Government needs to ensure decent working condition of the workers.
Question 5.
What are the positives of organized sector?
Answer:
The positives of the organized sectors are:
- The organized sector provides job security.
- Workers have fixed timings and also get paid for over time.
- Organized sector provides safe working conditions for women.
- This sector provides facilities, such as banking, paid leaves, summer vacations etc.
- They get several other benefits from the employers.
- Organized sector workers are thus better off than unorganized sector workers.
Activity Based Questions
Question 1.
The following table gives the GDP in Rupees (Crores) by the three sectors:
| Year | Primary | Secondary | Tertiary |
| I960 | 70,000 | 20,000 | 10,000 |
| 2010 | 14,000 | 28,000 | 55,000 |
Calculate the share of the primary sector in GDP for 1960 and 2010.
Answer:
Share of primary sector in GDP is:
| Year | Primary | Secondary | Tertiary | Total | Share of primary sector in GDP |
| 1960 | 70,000 | 20,000 | 10,000 | 100,000 | 70% |
| 2010 | 14,000 | 2,80,00 | 55,000 | 97,000 | 51% |
The data shows that the contribution of primary sector in GDP has decreased over the past 50 years.