JAC Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 7 Lifelines of National Economy

JAC Board Class 10th Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 7 Lifelines of National Economy

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1.
Which is not the national highway?
(a) Grand Trunk Road
(b) Agra-Mumbai Road
(c) Mathura Road
(d) Greater Noida Express Highways
Answer:
(d) Greater Noida Express Highways

Question 2.
The name of the National Highway No. 2 is
(a) Grand Trunk Road
(b) Agra-Mumbai Road
(c) Mathura Road
(d) Delhi-Mumbai Road
Answer:
(a) Grand Trunk Road

JAC Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 7 Lifelines of National Economy

Question 3.
National Highway connecting Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata is termed as
(a) Locomotives
(b) Gauge
(c) Golden quadrilateral
(d) Dock
Answer:
(c) Golden quadrilateral

Question 4.
What does BOT stands for?
(a) Bureau of Transport
(b) Bureau of Trans-communication
(c) Build, Operate and Transfer
(d) Bureaucracy Official against Terrorists
Answer:
(c) Build, Operate and Transfer

Question 5.
Kochi in Kerala is the example of which of the following ports?
(a) Tidal Port
(b) Natural Harbour
(c) Artificial Harbour
(d) Recently developed
Answer:
(b) Natural Harbour

Question 6.
Which of the following is not the factor, which-influence the distribution of railway in the country?
(a) Physiographic factors
(b) Economic factors
(c) Administrative factors
(d) Political factors
Answer:
(d) Political factors

JAC Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 7 Lifelines of National Economy

Question 7.
Which of the following is not the devel-opment in the field of communication?
(a) Cellular phone
(b) Laptop
(c) Internet e-commerce
(d) pipeline
Answer:
(d) pipeline

Question 8.
Trade carried in cities, towns and villages is called
(a) External Trade
(b) Local Trade
(c) Internal Trade
(d) International Trade
Answer:
(b) Local Trade

Question 9.
Border Roads Organisation was established in
(a) 1950
(b) 1955
(c) 1958
(d) 1960
Answer:
(d) 1960

Question 10.
The air transport was nationalised in the year
(a) 1947
(b) 1950
(c) 1953
(d) 1957
Answer:
(c) 1953

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What are the two major means of land transport?
Answer:
The two major means of land transport are:

  1. Roadways
  2. Railways

Question 2.
What are express or free highways?
Answer:
Express or free highways are the national highways with 4 to 6 lanes meant to meet the requirement of fast traffic movement across the country.

Question 3.
Name the means of mass communication.
Answer:
Books, Journals, Magazines, Newspapers, Radio, Television and Films.

Question 4.
What are the three names of Express or Freeways?
Answer:
Three names are:

  1. Golden Question uadrilateral
  2. North-South and East-West Corridors
  3. Connectivity of 10 major ports with Golden Question uadrilateral and Corridors

Question 5.
Why International trade is called an “Economic Barometer”?
Answer:
The economic prosperity of a country depends upon international trade. The per capita trade of a country is the index of a country’s development, hence it is called an economic barometer.

Question 6.
What comes under the category of second class mail?
Answer:
Book packets, registered newspapers and periodicals come under the category of second class mail.

JAC Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 7 Lifelines of National Economy

Question 7.
What is a railway gauge? Name three types of gauges found in India.
Answer:
A railway gauge refers to the width between two rails. There are three types of railway gauge in India. They are:

  1. Broad Gauge (1.676 metres)
  2. Metre Gauge (1.000 metres)
  3. Narrow Gauge (0.762 metre and 0.610 metre).

Question 8.
Name the two navigational rivers of India.
Answer:
Ganga and the Brahmaputra.

Question 9.
Name ihe four ports which have developed recently.
Answer:
(a) New Mangalore
(b) Haldia
(c) Nhava Sheva
(d) Ennore

Question 10.
Why metalled roads are called all weather roads?
Answer:
Metalled roads are made of cement, concrete or even bitumen of coal. They do not go out of use in the rainy season. Therefore, they are called all weather roads.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What are national highways?
Answer:
The highways which link all major cities of extreme parts of the country are known as national highways. These are the primary road systems. They are maintained by the Central Public Works Department (CPWD).

Question 2.
What are state highways?
Answer:
Roads linking a state capital with different district headquarters are known as State Highways. These roads are constructed and maintained by the State Public Works Department (PWD) in States and Union Territories.

JAC Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 7 Lifelines of National Economy

Question 3.
What are border roads? Mention its importance.
Answer:
Strategically important roads in the bordering areas of the country are called border roads. These roads are in the northern and north-eastern border areas. Importance of Border roads:

  1. Border roads have improved accessibility in areas of difficult terrain.
  2. These roads have helped in the economic development of border areas.
  3. These are used to supply military equipment to the borders of our country.

Question 4.
Describe the importance of Railways in India.
Answer:
Indian Railways

  1. Is the principal mode of transportation for freight and passengers in India.
  2. Is suitable for long distance travel.
  3. Conducts multiple activities like business, sightseeing, and pilgrimage along with transportation of goods.
  4. Plays an important role of national integration.
  5. Binds the economic life of the country as well as accelerates the development of the industry and agriculture.
  6. Is the largest public sector undertaking in the country.

Question 5.
Mention the importance of water transport.
Answer:
Water transport is important because:

  1. Waterways are the cheapest means of transport.
  2. It is the most suitable transport for carrying heavy and bulky goods.
  3. It is a fuel-efficient and environment- friendly mode of transport.

Question 6.
Name three important networks of pipeline transportation in the country.
Answer:
Three important networks of pipelines are:

  1. Pipeline from oil field in upper Assam to Kanpur (Uttar Pradesh).
  2. Pipeline from Salaya in Gujarat to Jalandhar in Punjab.
  3. Pipeline from Hazira in Gujarat to Jagdishpur in Uttar Pradesh.

Question 7.
Describe the importance of communi-cation in modern days.
Answer:
Modem life is so complex that one has to depend on others. The same is true of the countries as well. No country today can prosper without the co-operation and assistance of others. This requires movement of goods and materials between countries. Trade provides us with our necessities and also adds to amenities and comfort of life.

Question 8:
What is mass communication?
Answer:
Mass communication plays a vital role – in creating awareness among the people about? various national programmes and policies. These provide healthy entertainment as well. Important means of mass communication are radio, television, newspapers including magazines, books and films. These means communicate with several people at a time, and, hence, are called means of mass communication.

JAC Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 7 Lifelines of National Economy

Question 9.
The Great Plains has more railways than the Himalayan Mountains. Why?
Answer:
The distribution pattern of the railway network in the country has been .influenced by physiographic, economic and administrative factors. Level lands of the great plains of India, with high density of population and rich agriculture and greater industrial activity, have favoured development of railways in these areas. Flood plains of Bihar and Assam, and the rugged topography of the Himalayan region, have very few railway lines.
Sparsely populated sandy deserts of Rajasthan and hilly tracts of the Sahyadri are unfavourable for the development of railways.

Question 10.
Mention the importance of tourism as a trade.
Answer:
The importance of tourism as a trade is:

  1. Our country earns foreign exchange through Tourism.
  2. More than 15 million people are directly engaged in the tourism industry.
  3. Tourism also promotes national integration.
  4. It provides support to local handicrafts and cultural pursuits.
  5. It also helps in the development of international understanding about our culture and heritage.
  6. Heritage tourism, eco-tourism, adventure tourism, cultural tourism, medical tourism and business tourism promote development of all sectors of economy.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Explain why the means of transport and communication are called lifelines of our national economy.
Answer:
Transport and communication are called lifelines of our national economy because:

  1. They help in increasing cooperation and assistance between countries by easy movement of goods and material between countries.
  2. They help in trade and commerce within a country.
  3. They have reduced distances thus bringing the world closer.
  4. They help in both production and distribution of goods and movement of large number of people and over long distance.
  5. They provide important links between producers and consumers of goods.
  6. They bring people very close to one another by promoting interdependence among people.

Question 2.
‘Roadways have an edge over railways in India.’ Justify the statement with arguments.
Answer:
The growing importance of road transport vis-a-vis rail transport is rooted in the following reasons:

  1. Construction cost of roads is much lower than that of railway lines.
  2. Roads can traverse comparatively much dissected and undulating topography.
  3. Roads can negotiate higher gradients of slopes and as such can traverse mountains such as the Himalayas.
  4. Road transport is economical in transportation of few persons and relatively small amount of goods over short distances.
  5. It also provides door-to-door service, thus the cost of loading and unloading is much lower.
  6. Road transport is also used as a feeder to other modes of transport such as they provide a link between railway stations, air and sea ports.

Question 3.
Describe the factors which influence the ‘di&tiribution pattern of Railway network in India.
Answer:
The distribution pattern of the Railway network in the country has been largely influenced by physiographic, economic and administrative factors.

  1. The density of railway network is high in the northern plains because they are vast level land, have high population density and rich agricultural resources. But, a large number of rivers create obstacles because it requires construction of bridges across their wide beds.
  2. In the hilly terrains of the peninsular region, railway tracts are laid through low hills, gaps or tunnels. Therefore, it is difficult to construct railway lines.
  3. The Himalayan mountainous regions are unfavourable for the construction of railway lines due to high relief, sparse population and lack of economic opportunities.
  4. It is difficult to lay railway lines on the sandy plain of western Rajasthan, swamps of Gujarat, forested tracks of Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha and Jharkhand.
  5. Sinking of track in some areas and landslides make it difficult for railways.

JAC Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 7 Lifelines of National Economy

Question 4.
Describe the importance of pipelines in India.
Answer:
Pipelines are important because:

  1. They are used for transporting crude oil, petroleum products and natural gas from oil fields and natural gas fields to refineries, fertilizer factories and big thermal power plants.
  2. Solids can also be transported through a pipeline when converted into slurry.
  3. Refineries at Barauni, Mathura, Panipat and gas based fertilizer plants, could be located in the interiors of India due to pipelines.
  4. Initial cost of laying pipelines is high but subsequent running costs are minimal.
  5. Pipelines rule out trans-shipment (during transportation) losses or delays.

Question 5.
Mention the importance of mass communication.
Answer:
The importance of mass communication is as follows:

  1. Mass communication provides entertainment.
  2. It creates awareness among people about various national programmes and policies.
  3. It provides variety of programmes in national, regional and local languages for various categories of people, spread over different parts of the country.
  4. It strengthens democracy in the country by providing news and information to the masses.
  5. It helps in rural development which is suffering from illiteracy and superstitious social practices.
  6. It helps in agriculture sector by providing the farmers information on new agricultural practices.

Activity Based Questions

Question 1.
Locate the four cities came in Golden Quadrilateral and join them in a line map of India.

  1. Golden Question uadrilateral
  2. North-South Corridor, East-West Corridor.

JAC Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 7 Lifelines of National Economy 1

Question 2.
Locate and label the following on an outlined map of India.
(i) Major Ports – Kandla, Mumbai, Marmagao, New Mangalore, Kochi, Tuticorin, Chennai, Vishakhapatnam, Paradip, Kolkata (Haldia).
Answer:
JAC Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 7 Lifelines of National Economy 2
(ii) International Airports – Amritsar, Delhi, Mumbai, Thiruvananthapuram, Chennai, Kolkata, Hyderabad.
JAC Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 7 Lifelines of National Economy 3

JAC Class 10 Social Science Important Questions

JAC Class 10 Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 7 Lifelines of National Economy

JAC Board Class 10th Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 7 Lifelines of National Economy

JAC Class 10th Geography Lifelines of National Economy InText Questions and Answers

Page 80

Question 1.
Find out places linked by the National Highway 2 and 3.
Answer:
National Highway 2 – Delhi to Kolkata National Highway 3 – Agra to Mumbai

Page 82

NCERT ‘Activity’

Question 2.
Find out the current Railway zones and their headquarters. Also locate the headquarters of Railway zones on the map of India.
Answer:

Zonal Railways Headquarters
1. Central Railway Mumbai
2. Eastern Railway Kolkata
3. Northern Railway New Delhi
4. North-Eastern Railway Gorakhpur
5. North-East Frontier Railway Maligaon
6. Southern Railway Chennai
7. Southern-Central Railway Secunderabad
8. South-Eastern Railway Kolkata
9. Western Railway Mumbai
10. East-Central Railway Headquarters
11. East Coast Railway Hazipur
12. North-Central Railway Bhubaneshwar
13. North-Western Railway Prayagraj
14. South-East Central Railway Jaipur
15. South-Western Railway Bilaspur

Follow the given table and locate the points on the map.

Question 3.
Railway line has been extended from Banihal to Baramula in the Kashmir valley. Locate these two towns on the map of India.
Answer:
Do it yourself

Page 86

Question 4.
Why is air travel preferred in the north-eastern states?
Answer:
Air travel is preferred in the north-eastern states because it is difficult to construct roads or railways on the uneven terrain in the north-eastern states. It can easily cover difficult terrain, big and wide rivers (e.g., Brahmaputra), dissected relief (many river valleys between places), dense forests, frequent flooding and also some international frontiers (Bangladesh), etc.

JAC Class 10 Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 7 Lifelines of National Economy

Question 5.
Find out the names of the countries connected by Air India.
Answer:
The countries connected by Air India are: France, Canada, Germany, Israel, Japan, UK, Bangladesh, UAE, Kenya, USA, Australia, Italy, etc.

Page 89

Question 6.
On the map of India show important tourist places of your State/UT and its connectivity with other parts of the country by ailways/roadways/airways.
Answer:
Do it yourself.

JAC Class 10th Geography Lifelines of National Economy Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below.
(i) Which two of the following extreme locations are connected by the east-west corridor?
(a) Mumbai and Nagpur
(b) Silchar and Porbandar
(c) Mumbai and Kolkata
(d) Nagpur and Siligudi
Answer:
(b) Silchar and Porbandar

JAC Class 10 Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 7 Lifelines of National Economy

(ii) Which mode of transportation reduces trans-shipment losses and delays?
(a) Railways
(b) Roadways
(c) Pipeline
(d) Waterways
Answer:
(c) Pipeline

(iii) Which one of the following states is not connected with the H.V.J. pipeline?
(a) Madhya Pradesh
(b) Maharashtra
(c) Gujarat
(d) Uttar Pradesh
Answer:
(b) Maharashtra

(iv) Which one of the following ports is the deepest land-locked and well protected port along the east coast?
(a) Chennai
(b) Paradip
(c) Tuticorin
(d) Vishakhapatnam
Answer:
(d) Vishakhapatnam

JAC Class 10 Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 7 Lifelines of National Economy

(v) Which one of the following is the most important modes of transportation in Indian
(a) Pipeline
(b) Railways
(c) Roadways
(d) Airways
Answer:
(c) Roadways

(vi) Which one of the following terms is used to describe trade between two or more countries?
(b) International trade
(c) External trade
(d) Local trade
Answer:
(b) International trade

Question 2.
Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
(a) State any three merits of roadways.
(b) Where and why is rail transport the most convenient means of transportation?
(c) What is the significance of the border roads?
(d) What is meant by trade? What is the difference between international and local trade?
Answer:
(a) Three merits of roadways are:

  1. Construction cost of roads is much lower than that of railway lines.
  2. Roads can traverse comparatively much dissected and undulating topography.
  3. Roads can negotiate higher gradients of slopes and as such can traverse mountains such as the Himalayas.

(b) The northern plains with their vast level land, high population density and rich agricultural resources provide the most favourable condition for the growth of rail transportation.

(c) Border Roads Organisation, a Government of India undertaking constructs and maintains roads in the bordering areas of the country. This organisation was established in 1960 for the development of the roads of strategic importance in the northern and north-eastern border areas. These roads have improved accessibility in areas of difficult terrain and have helped in the economic development of these areas.

(d) Trade is the movement of goods and services between regions of economic gain. Trade between two or more countries is termed as International trade, It takes . place through sea, air or land routes. While trade occurring in a region within the same country is called local trade. It takes place in the local markets.

Question 3.
Answer the following questions in about 120 words.
(a) Why are the means of transportation and communication called the lifelines of a nation and its economy?
(b) Write a note on the changing nature of the international trade in the last fifteen years.
Answer:
(a) The means of transportation and commurfication are called the lifelines of a nation and its economy because these are prerequisite for the economic development of the country. Transportation connects one part of the country to the other part. This helps in movement of goods and people from one region to the other.

JAC Class 10 Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 7 Lifelines of National Economy

Industries cannot manufacture goods if the raw materials and finished goods are not transported from one place to the other. Agriculture also depends on transportation as the grains are needed to be transported to the market places. Development of various means of communication has been one of the major factors Miich have facilitated the process of globalisation. Telecommunication systems and the internet have helped in the -development of trade and business activities.

(b) Trade between two countries is called international trade. It may take place through sea, air or land routes. Advancement of international trade of a country is an index to its economic prosperity. It is, therefore, considered the economic barometer for a country. India has trade relations with most of the countries in the world. Her share of international trade has been on an increase in the last few years.

(i) India mainly exported agricultural and allied products gems and jewellery, chemicals and related products.
(ii) Petroleum and petroleum products, gems and jewellery chemicals related products, base metals, electronic items and machinery are some important items of import. India has emerged as a software giant at an international level. It has been earning foreign exchange through the export of information and technology.

NCERT ‘Quiz Drive’

  1. Northern terminal of the North-south corridor.
  2. The name of National Highway No. 2.
  3. The headquarter of the southern railway zone.
  4. The rail gauge with a track width of 1.676 m.
  5. The southern terminal of the National Highway No. 7.
  6. A Riverine Port.
  7. Busiest railway junction in Northern India.

Answer:

  1. Srinagar
  2. Sher Shah Suri Marg
  3. Chennai
  4. Broad Gauge
  5. Kanyakumari
  6. Kolkata Port Trust
  7. Mughalsarai

NCERT ‘Activity’

Start your search vertically, horizontally or diagonally and reach various destinations across the country!
JAC Class 10 Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 7 Lifelines of National Economy 1
Answer:
JAC Class 10 Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 7 Lifelines of National Economy 2

JAC Class 10 Social Science Solutions

JAC Class 10 Social Science Notes Geography Chapter 7 Lifelines of National Economy

JAC Board Class 10 Social Science Notes Geography Chapter 7 Lifelines of National Economy

→ Modem means of transport and communication serve as iife lines of our nation and its modem economy.

→ Means of transportation can be divided into Roadways, Railways, Waterways, Airways and Pipelines.

→ Roadways: India has one of the largest road networks in the world, aggregating to about 54.7 lakh km at present.

→ The growing importance of road transport vis-a-vis rail transport is rooted in the following reasons:
(a) Constmction cost of roads is much lower than railway lines.
(b) Roads can traverse dissect on undulating topography.
(c) Roads can negotiate higher gradients of slopes and can traverse mountains such as the Himalayas.
(d) Road transport is economical in transportation of few persons and small amount of goods over short distances.
(e) It also provides door-to-door service, thus the cost of loading and unloading is much lower.
(f) Road transport is also used as a feeder to other modes of transport, such as, they provide a link between railway stations, air and sea ports.

JAC Class 10 Social Science Notes Geography Chapter 7 Lifelines of National Economy

→ In India, roads are classified into following six classes:

→ Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways:
The government has launched a major road development project linking Delhi-Kolkata- Chennai-Mumbai and Delhi by six-lane Super Highways. The North-South corridors linking Srinagar (Jammu & Kashmir) and Kanyakumari (Tamil Nadu), and East-West Corridor connecting Silchar (Assam) and Porbandar (Gujarat) are part of this project. National Highways: National Highways link extreme parts of the country. These are the primary road systems and are laid and maintained by the Central Public Works Department (CPWD).

→ State Highways:
Roads linking a state capital with different district headquarters are known as State Highways. These roads are constructed and maintained by the State Public Works Department (PWD) in State and Union Territories.

→ District Roads:
These roads connect the district headquarters with other places of the district. These roads are maintained by the Zila Parishad.

→ Other Roads:
Rural roads, link rural areas and villages with towns. These roads received special impetus under the Pradhan Mantri Grameen Sadak Yojana.

→ Border Roads:
Border Roads Organisation, a Government of India undertaking constructs and maintains roads in the bordering areas of the country.

JAC Class 10 Social Science Notes Geography Chapter 7 Lifelines of National Economy

→ Railways:

  • Railways are the principal modes of transportation for freight and passengers in India.
  • Railways bind the economic life as well as accelerate the development of industry and agriculture.
  • The distribution pattern of the Railway network in the country has been largely influenced by the physiographic, economic and administrative factors. The northern , plains with their vast level land, high population density and rich agricultural resources provided the most favourable condition for their growth.
  • It was difficult to lay railway tracks on sandy areas, etc.
  • Pipeline transport network is a new arrival on the transportation map of India. In the past, these were used to transport water to cities and industries. Now, these are used for transporting crude oil, petroleum products and natural gas from oil and natural gas fields to refineries, fertilizer factories and big thermal power plants.

→ Waterways: Waterways are the cheapest means of transport. They are most suitable for carrying heavy and bulky goods. It is a fuel-efficient and environment friendly mode of transport.

  • India has inland navigation waterways of 14,500 km in length. Out of these only 5685 km are navigable by mechanised vessels,
  • Kandla in Kachchh was the first port developed soon after Independence to ease j the volume of trade on the Mumbai port, in the wake of loss of Karachi port to Pakistan after the partition. Kandla is a tidal port.
  • Mumbai is the biggest port with a spacious natural and well-sheltered harbour.

→ Airways :

  • The air travel, today, is the fastest, most comfortable and prestigious mode of transport. It can cover very difficult terrains like high mountains, dreary deserts, dense forests aiid also long oceanic stretches with great ease.
  • The air transport was nationalised in 1953. Air India provides domestic and , international air services. Pawanhans Helicopters Ltd. provides helicopter services to oil and Natural Gas Corporation in its off-shore operations, to inaccessible areas and difficult terrains like the north-eastern states and the interior parts of Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand.

→ Communication:

  • Long distance communication is far easier without physical movement of the communicator or receiver. Personal communication and mass communication including television, radio, press, films, etc., are the major means of communication in the country. The Indian postal network is the largest in the world.
  • India has one of the largest telecom networks in Asia. Apart from the urban places, more than two-thirds of the villages in India have already been covered with Subscriber Trunk Dialling (STD) telephone facility.

→ Mass Communication: Mass communication provides entertainment and creates awareness among people about various national programmes and policies. It includes radio, television, newspapers, magazines, books and films. All India Radio (Akashwani) broadcasts a variety of programmes in national, regional and local languages for various categories of people, spread over different parts of the country. Doordarshan, the national television channel of India, is one of the largest terrestrial networks in the world. It broadcasts a variety of programmes from entertainment, educational to sports, etc. for the people of different age groups.

JAC Class 10 Social Science Notes Geography Chapter 7 Lifelines of National Economy

→ International Trade: Trade is the exchange of goods among people, states and countries. The market is the place where such exchanges take place. Trade between two countries is called international trade. It may take place through sea, air or land routes. While local trade is carried in cities, towns and villages, state level trade is carried between two or more states.

  • Export and import are the components of trade. The balance of trade of a country is the difference between its export and import. India has trade relations with all the major trading blocks and all geographical regions of the world.
  • Tourism as a Trade: Tourism in India has grown substantially over the last three decades. More than 15 million people are directly engaged in the tourism industry.
  • Foreign tourists visit India for heritage, eco, adventure, cultural, medical and business tourism.

JAC Class 10 Social Science Notes