JAC Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources

JAC Board Class 10th Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1.
A homogenous naturally occurring substance with a definable interior structure is called?
(a) Minerals
(b) Iron ore
(c) Diamond
(d) None
Answer:
(a) Minerals

JAC Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources

Question 2.
Where minerals are usually found?
(a) In rocks
(b) In earth crust
(c) In ores
(d) In earth core
Answer:
(c) In ores

Question 3.
Which one of the following is a non- metallic mineral?
(a) Copper
(b) Iron ore
(c) Limestone
(d) None
Answer:
(a) Copper

Question 4.
Which of the following metallic minerals is obtained from veins and lodes?
(a) Zinc
(b) Limestone
(c) Rutile
(d) Mica
Answer:
(a) Zinc

Question 5.
Which of the following minerals is formed as a result of evaporation in the arid regions?
(a) Gypsum
(b) Zinc
(c) Coal
(d) Copper
Answer:
(a) Gypsum

Question 6.
What is Rat Hole Mining?
(a) Mining in a place where there are lots of rats
(b) Mining done by family members in the form of a long narrow tunnel
(c) Mining that kills rats
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(b) Mining done by family members in the form of a long narrow tunnel

JAC Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources

Question 7.
Which state is the largest producer of manganese ore?
(a) Jharkhand
(b) Madhya Pradesh
(c) Maharashtra
(d) Odisha
Answer:
(b) Madhya Pradesh

Question 8.
Which metal has a very high content of iron up to 70 per cent?
(a) Magnetite ore
(b) Limonite ore
(c) Haematite ore
(d) Siderite ore
Answer:
(a) Magnetite ore

Question 9.
Which is India’s oldest oil producing state?
(a) Jharkhand
(b) Arunachal Pradesh
(c) Karnataka
(d) Assam
Answer:
(d) Assam

Question 10.
Which place in India is ideal for utilizing tidal energy?
(a) Gulf of Kachchh
(b) Puga valley
(c) Gulf of Mannar
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) Gulf of Kachchh

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is an ore?
Answer:
The term ore is used to describe an accumulation of any mineral mixed with other elements. Minerals are usually found in “ores”.

Question 2.
How do minerals occur in igneous and metamorphic rocks?
Answer:
Minerals occur in igneous and metamorphic rocks in cracks, crevices, faults and joints.

Question 3.
Name some minerals formed in beds and layers.
Answer:
Coal and some forms of iron ore, gypsum

JAC Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources

Question 4.
Which rock consists of a single mineral only?
Answer:
Limestone consists of a single mineral only.

Question 5.
Name four manganese ore producing states of India.
Answer:
Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh

Question 6.
What are ferrous minerals? Give two examples.
Answer:
The minerals which contain iron ore are called ferrous minerals. Manganese and Iron ore are examples of ferrous minerals.

JAC Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources

Question 7.
What are non-ferrous minerals? Give two examples.
Answer:
The minerals which do not contain iron ore are called non-ferrous minerals. Copper and bauxite are examples of non- ferrous minerals.

Question 8.
What are conventional sources of energy?
Answer:
The sources of energy used on a large scale are conventional sources of energy. These are: wood, coal, petroleum, hydroelectricity and natural gas.

Question 9.
What are commercial sources of energy?
Answer:
The commercial sources of energy are: coal, petroleum, natural gas, hydroelectricity and nuclear energy. In India 60% of energy are obtained by commercial energy.

Question 10.
Name six non-commercial sources of energy.
Answer:

  1. Firewood
  2. Cowdung
  3. Biomass
  4. Charcoal
  5. Tidal
  6. Geothermal.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Differentiate between metallic and non-metallic minerals.

Metallic minerals Non-metallic minerals
(i) These occur in igneous rocks. (i) These are found in sedimentary rocks.
(i) The rocks have crystalline structure. (ii) The rocks are stratified.
(iii) These are found in impure form of ores. (iii) These are found in pure form of ores.
(iv) These are malleable and ductile. (iv) These are brittle.
(v) These shine, e.g. iron, copper, silver, (v) These are dull, e.g. coal, salt, etc.

Question 2.
Differentiate between Natural gas and Biogas.

Natural gas Biogas
(i) It is associated with or without petroleum. (i) It is obtained by the decomposition of organic matter.
(ii) Natural gas is used in urban areas. (ii) Biogas is used in rural areas.
(iii) This gas is exhaustible. (iii) This gas is inexhaustible.
(iv) Natural gas is non-replenishable. (iv) Biogas is replenishable.
(v) This is used for domestic and industrial purposes. (v) This is used for domestic purposes only.
(vi) Gives less thermal energy. (vi) Gives higher thermal energy.

Question 3.
Differentiate between thermal and hydro electric energy.

Thermal electricity Hydro electricity
(i) This electricity is generated by coal and petroleum. (i) It is generated by the force of running water.
(ii) It causes atmospheric pollution. (ii) It does not cause atmospheric pollution.
(iii) It is a limited resource. (iii) It is an unlimited resource.

Question 4.
Name the non-metallic mineral which can split easily into thin sheets. Mention its uses.
Answer:
Mica is the non-metallic mineral which can split easily into thin sheets.

  1. Mica is used in electric and electronic industries due to its excellent dielectric strength, low power loss factor, insulating properties and resistance to high voltage.
  2. Plastic industry also uses mica as an extender and filler.

Question 5.
Why coal is called the most important source of energy even today in India? Explain giving three reasons.
Answer:
Coal is the most important source of energy because:

  1. It provides substantial part of nation’s energy needs.
  2. It is used as a power resource in many industries and domestic needs.
  3. It is.used for generating thermal electricity in thermal power plants.
  4. Many industries use coal as a raw- material.
  5. India is highly dependent on coal for commercial energy requirements.

Question 6.
Why petroleum is called the next major energy source in India after coal?
Answer:
Petroleum or mineral oil is the next major energy source in India after coal because it provides fuel for heat and lighting, lubricants for machinery and raw materials for a number of manufacturing industries. Petroleum refineries act as a “nodal industry” for synthetic textile, fertiliser and numerous chemical industries.

JAC Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources

Question 7.
How will you use and conserve energy efficiently?
Answer:
To conserve energy we should:

  1. use public transport system as far as possible.
  2. switch off electricity if not required.
  3. use power saving devices.
  4. regularly check our power equipment.
  5. emphasise greater use of conventional sources of energy.

Question 8.
“Hydel power is more important source of energy than thermal power.” Discuss this fact with four examples?
Answer:
Hydel power is a renewable source as it is produced from water moving with a great speed. On the other hand coal, petroleum and natural gas are non-renewable. Hydel power is neat and clean and pollution free with less maintenance cost. It is transported easily through wires.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Elaborate the main types of formations in which minerals occur.
Answer:
Minerals generally occur in the following forms:
(i) In igneous and metamorphic rocks minerals occur in the cracks, crevices, faults or joints. The smaller occurrences are called veins and the larger are called lodes. Mostly, they are formed when minerals in liquid/molten and gaseous forms are forced upward through cavities towards the earth’s surface. They cool and solidify as they rise. Major metallic minerals like tin, copper, zinc and lead, etc. are obtained from veins and lodes.

(ii) In sedimentary rocks a number of minerals occur in beds or layers. They have been formed as a result of deposition, accumulation and concentration in horizontal strata. Coal and some forms of iron-dre have been concentrated as a result of long periods under great heat and pressure. Another group of sedimentary minerals includes gypsum, potash salt and sodium salt. These are formed as a result of evaporation especially in arid regions.

(iii) Another mode of formation involves the decomposition of surface rocks, and the removal of soluble constituents, leaving a residual mass of weathered material containing ores. Bauxite is formed this way.

(iv) Some minerals occur as alluvial deposits in sands of valley floors and the base of hills. These deposits are called ‘placer deposits’ and generally contain minerals, which are not corroded by water. Gold, silver, tin and platinum are most important among such minerals.

(v) The ocean waters contain vast quantities of minerals, but most of these are too widely diffused to be of economic significance. However, common salt, magnesium and bromine are largely derived from ocean waters. The ocean beds, too, are rich in manganese nodules.

JAC Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources

Question 2.
Describe distribution, production and reserves of iron ore in India.
Answer:
Iron ore is the basic mineral and the backbone of industrial development. India is rich in good quality iron ores. Magnetite is the finest iron ore with a veiy high content of iron up to 70 per cent followed by haematite ore which contains 50 to 60 per cent. Odisha, Chattisgarh and Jharkhand produce about 75% of the total production of iron ore in India. The major iron ore belts in India are:

(i) Odisha-Jharkhand belt:
In Odisha high grade haematite ore is found in Badampahar mines in the Mayurbhanj and Kendujhar districts. In the adjoining Singhbhum district of Jharkhand haematite iron ore is mined in Gua and Noamundi.

(ii) Durg-Bastar-Chandrapur belt:
This belt lies in Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra. Very high grade haematites are found in the famous Bailadila range of hills in the Bastar district of Chhattisgarh. The range of hills comprises 14 deposits of super high grade haematite iron ore.

(iii) Ballari-Chitradurga-Chikkamagaluru- Tumakuru belt:
This belt in Karnataka has large reserves of iron ore. Kudremukh deposits are known to be one of the largest in the world. The Kudremukh mines located in the Western Ghats of Karnataka are a 100 per cent export unit.

(iv) Maharashtra-Goa belt:
This belt includes the state of Goa and Ratnagiri district of Maharashtra. Though, the ores are not of very high quality, yet they are efficiently exploited. Iron ore is exported through Marmagao port.

Question 3.
Why conservation of mineral resources is necessary? Explain any three methods to conserve them.
Answer:
Mineral resources are, finite and non-renewable. Minerals are important for the development of a country. We are rapidly consuming mineral resources that require millions of years to be created and concentrated. The geological processes of mineral formation are so slow that the rates of replenishment are infinitely small in’comparison to the present rates of consumption.

Three methods for conserving minerals are:

  1. Mineral resources should be used in planned and sustainable manner.
  2. Improved technology needs to be constantly evolved to allow use of low grade ores at low costs.
  3. Recycling of metals, using scraps, metals and other substitutes are steps in conserving our mineral resources for future.

Question 4.
Describe different types of coal with their distribution.
Answer:Coal is of different types, varying according to the amount of carbon content. They can be classified as:

  1. Peat:
    It has low carbon, high moisture content and low heating power. It has less than 40% carbon content.
  2. Lignite:
    It is a low grade, brown coal. It is soft with high moisture content. In India, the main lignite reserves are in Neyvelli (Tamil Nadu) and are used for the generation of electricity.
  3. Bituminous coal:
    It is the most popular coal in commercial use. It is used for smelting iron in blast furnaces. It has 60% carbon content.
  4. Anthracite coal:
    It is the highest quality hard coal with a carbon content of 90%.

Question 5.
Describe in detail the types of non- conventional sources of energy.
Answer:
Non-conventional energy or Renewable energy is generally defined as energy that comes from resources which are naturally replenished on a human time scale such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves and geothermal heat. These sources include the following:

(i) Wind energy:
Wind turbines are the most popular structures that are used to convert the speed of wind into usable electricity. They can be found on land, usually near the coast in areas where there is a constant strong wind, or in the ocean. The largest wind farm cluster is located in Tamil Nadu from Nagercoil to Madurai. Apart from these, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Gujarat, Kerala, Maharashtra and Lakshadweep have important wind farms. Nagarcoil and Jaisalmer are well . known for effective use of wind energy in the country.

(ii) Solar energy:
Solar power, has been around for some time now. Photovoltaic technology convert sunlight into electricity. Solar energy is fast becoming popular in rural and remote areas. Some big solar power plants are being established in different parts of India which will minimise the dependence of rural households on firewood and dung cakes, which will contribute to environmental conservation and adequate supply of manure in agriculture.

JAC Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources

(iii) Tidal energy:
Oceanic tides can be used to generate electricity. Floodgate dams are built across inlets. During high tide water flows into the inlet and gets trapped when the gate is closed. After the tide falls outside the flood gate, the water retained by the floodgate flows back to the sea via a pipe that carries it through a power-generating turbine. In India, the Gulf of Khambhat, the Gulf of Kachchh in Gujarat on the western coast and the Gangetic delta in the Sunderban regions of West Bengal provide ideal conditions for utilizing tidal energy.

(iv) Nuclear energy:
It is obtained by altering the structure of atoms. When such an alteration is made, much energy is released in the form of heat and this is .used tp’generate electric power. Uranium and thorium are available in Jharkhand and the Aravalli ranges of Rajasthan are used to generate atomic or nuclear power. The Monazite sands of Kerala are also rich’in thorium.

(v) Biogas:
Biogas, farm waste, animal and human waste are being used to produce electricity. Biogas plants using cattle dung are known as Gobar Gas Plants in rural India. These provide energy and improved manure to the farmers.

(vi) Geothermal energy:
Geothermal energy refers to the heat and electricity produced by using the heat from the interior of the Earth. Geothermal energy exists because the Earth grows hotter with increasing depth. There are several hundred hot springs in India, which could be used to generate electricity. Two experimental projects have been set up in India to harness geothermal energy. One is located in the Parvati valley near Manikaran in Himachal Pradesh and the other is located in the Puga Valley, Ladakh.

Question 6.
Why do we need to conserve energy resources?
Answer:
We need to conserve energy resources because:

  1. Energy is a basic requirement for economic development. Every sector of the national economy – agriculture, industry, transport, commercial and domestic needs inputs of energy.
  2. There is an urgent need to develop a sustainable path of energy development. Promotion of energy conservation and increased use of renewable energy sources are the two characteristics of sustainable energy.
  3. India is presently one of the least energy efficient countries in the world. We have to adopt a cautious approach for the judicious use of our limited energy resources.

Activity Based Questions

Question 1.
Locate and label the following Minerals and Energy resources.
(a) Iron ore mines

  • Mayurbhanj
  • Bellary
  • Durg
  • Kudermukh
  • Bailadila

(b) Coal Mines

  • Raniganj
  • Talcher
  • Bokaro
  • Nayveli

(c) Oil Fields

  • Digboi
  • Bassien
  • Naharkatia
  • Kalol
  • Mumbai High
  • Ankaleshwar

JAC Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources  1

Question 1.
Locate and label the following Thermal and Nuclear Plants.
(a) Thermal

  • Namrup
  • Ramagundam
  • Singrauli

(b) Nuclear Plants

  • Narora
  • Tarapur
  • Kakrapara
  • Kalpakkam

JAC Class 10 Social Science Important Questions Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources  2

JAC Class 10 Social Science Important Questions

JAC Class 10 Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources 

JAC Board Class 10th Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources

JAC Class 10th Geography Minerals and Energy Resources InText Questions and Answers

Page 48

Question 1.
Find out how many minerals are used to make a light bulb. Answer:Minerals used to make a light bulb are:

Part of Bulb Material Used Mineral from which obtained
Filament Tungsten Scheelite, Wolframite, ferberite or hubnerite (Metallic oxides of Tungsten)
Bulb Glass Silica (Silicon dioxide)
Connecting wires Copper Chalcolite (Cuprous sulphide)
Metallic part of body Aluminium Bauxite (Aluminium oxide)

JAC Class 10 Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources

Question 2.
Collect “Nutritional Facts” printed on food labels.
Answer:
Do it yourself activity. Sample answer is given.A sample of nutritional facts printed on a packet of glucose biscuits is given below:

Energy 453 cal
Fat 13.0 gm
Carbohydrate 77.5 gm
Protein 6.5 gm
Calcium 15 mg
Dietary fibre 0.6 gm


Page 50

Question 3.
What is the difference between an open pit mine, a quarry and an underground mine with shafts?
Answer:
Differences between an open pit mine, a quarry and an underground mine with shafts are as follows:

Open pit mine Question uarry Underground mine with shafts
Minerals are removed from a pit dug in the ground. Minerals are removed from a shallow pit dug in the ground. Minerals are removed through deep shafts dug in the ground.
Used where commercially useful minerals are found near the surface. Generally, used for extracting building materials like dimension stone. Used where the mineral occurs as veins in hard rock deep below the surface of the Earth.
Extracted using Earthmoving machinery. Extracted using Earthmoving machinery. Extracted using elevators that can carry minerals, extraction equipment as well as persons into the area where the mineral is available.

page 51

Question 4.
Superimpose the maps showing distribution of iron ore, manganese, coal and iron and steel industry. Do you see any correlation? Why?
Answer:
The iron and steel industries are located in the same regions of India where the iron ore, coal and manganese mines are located. As coal and manganese are required as inputs to the iron and steel industry, their availability in the same region saves the transportation costs and ease of availability. So it is profitable to locate these industries in the regions where these minerals are available.

Page 53

Question 5.
Locate the mines of bauxite on the physical map of India.
Answer:
Do it yourself.

Page 54

Question 6.
Study the maps to explain why Chota Nagpur is a storehouse of minerals.
Answer:
We can understand by studying the maps given in the textbook why the Chota Nagpur plateau is considered as a storehouse of minerals. The reasons are:

  1. Chota Nagpur is a part of old Gondwana land. Part of it is made of solidified magma. The area is rich in minerals.
  2. It is such in minerals like iron ore, coal, manganese, bauxite, copper, mica, etc.
  3. The coal fields in this area supply most of the cooking coal to the industries.

Page 55

Question 7.
Name some river valley projects and write the names of the dams built on these rivers.
Answer:
Name of some river valley projects and dams-built on them:

  1. Bhakra Nangal Project: Bhakra and Nangal dams on the Satluj river in Punjab.
  2. Hirakud Project: Hirakud dam on the Mahanadi river in Odisha.
  3. Nagarjuna Sagar Project: Nagaijuna Sagar dam on the Krishna river in Andhra Pradesh.
  4. Chambal Project: Jawahar Sagar, Gandhi Sagar and Rana Pratap Sagar dams on the Chambal river in Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh.
  5. Tungabhadra Project: Tungabhadradam on the Tungabhadra river in Karnataka.
  6. Mettur Project: Mettur dam on the Kaveri river in Tamil Nadu.
  7. Sardar Sarovar Project: Sardar Sarovar dam on the Narmada river in Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh.
  8. Damodar Valley Project: On the Damodar river in Bihar.
  9. Farakka Project: On the Ganga river in West Bengal.
  10. Mahi Project: Mahi dam on the Mahi river in Gujarat.
  11. Tehri Project: Tehri dam on the Bhagirathi river in Uttarakhand.

Page 60

Question 8.
Collect information about thermal/ hydel power plants located in your state. Show them on the map of India.
Answer:
Do it yourself.

JAC Class 10 Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources

Question 9.
Collect information about newly established solar power plants in India.
Answer:
India is now home to world’s largest solar plant on a ‘single location’. The plant, in Kamuthi, Tamil Nadu, comes with a capacity of 648 MW and covers an area of 10 sq m/km. It also bears the capacity of charging its own solar panels. Furthermore, when in full swing, the plant is capable of producing electricity for 150,000 homes.

The cost of this project was ‘ 46,535,570,550. With this, India’s total installed capacity of solar plants has nudged across the 10 GW mark. Thus, India will be the world’s third-biggest solar market from next year onwards, after China and the US. However, we are still lagging a bit in regard to the expectations that the government has set for the nation.

Question 10.
Locate the 6 nuclear power stations and find out the state in which they are located.
Answer:

  • Tarapur Atomic Power Station: it is located in Maharashtra.
  • Rajasthan Atomic Power Station: it is located in Rajasthan
  • Kakrapar Atomic Power Station: it is located in Gujarat
  • Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant: it is located in Tamil Nadu
  • Kaiga Nuclear Power Plant: it is located in Karnataka
  • Gorakhpur Atomic Power Station: it is located in Haryana

JAC Class 10th Geography Minerals and Energy Resources Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below.
(i) Which one of the following minerals is formed by decomposition of rocks, leaving a residual mass of weathered material?
(a) Coal
(b) Bauxite
(c) Gold
(d) Zinc
Answer:
(a) Coal

(ii) Koderma, in Jharkhand is the leading producer of which one of the following minerals?
(a) Bauxite
(b) Mica
(c) Iron ore
(d) Copper
Answer:
(b) Mica

(iii) Minerals are deposited and accumulated in the stratas of which of the following rocks?
(a) Sedimentary rocks
(b) Metamorphic rocks
(c) Igneous rocks
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(a) Sedimentary rocks

(iv) Which one of the following minerals is contained in the Monazite sand?
(a) Oil
(b) Ur0anium
(c) Thorium
(d) Coal
Answer:
(c) Thorium

JAC Class 10 Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources

Question 2.
Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
(a) Distinguish between the following in not more than 30 words.

  1. Ferrous and non-ferrous minerals
  2. Conventional and non-conventional sources of energy

(b) What is a mineral?
(c) How are minerals formed in igneous and metamorphic rocks?
(d) Why do we need to conserve mineral resources?

Ferrous minerals Non-ferrous minerals
(i) Ferrous minerals contain iron ; content. (i) These minerals do not contain iron content.
(i) They provide a strong base in the development of metallurgical industries. (ii) They play an important role in a number of industries like, engineering and electrical industries.
(iii) Iron ore, manganese, cobalt, etc., are the examples of ferrous kminerals. (iii) Copper, zinc, lead and aluminium are the examples of non-ferrous minerals.

 

Conventional sources of energy Non-conventional sources of energy
(i) Conventional sources of energy have been used since a long time. (i) The sources of energy which are of recent origin and have not been commonly used.
(ii) These are expensive in the long run. (ii) These are cheaper in the long mn.
(iii) These are used extensively. (iii) These are used locally.
(iv) They are non-renewable and exhaustible sources of energy. (iv) They are renewable sources of energy.

(b) A mineral is a naturally occurring homogeneous substance with a definable interior structure. Mineral that will be formed from a certain combination of elements depends upon the physical and chemical conditions under which the material forms.

(c) In igneous and metamorphic rocks minerals may occur in the cracks, crevices, faults or joints. The smaller occurrences are called veins and the larger are called lodes. In most cases, they are formed when minerals in liquid/molten and gaseous forms are forced upward through cavities towards the earth’s surface. They cool and solidify as they rise.

(d) We are rapidly consuming mineral resources that require millions of years to be created and concentrated. The geological processes of mineral formation are so slow that the rates of replenishment are infinitely small in comparison to the present rates of consumption. Mineral resources are, therefore, finite and non¬renewable. That is why we need to conserve mineral resources and use them wisely.

JAC Class 10 Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources

Question 3.
Answer the following questions in about 120 words.
(a) Describe the distribution of coal in India.
(b) Why do you think that solar energy has a bright future in India?
Answer:
(a) In India, coal is the most abundantly available fossil fuel. It provides a substantial part of the nation’s energy needs.

(i) In India, coal occurs in rock series of two main geological ages, viz., Gondwana, a little over 200 million years in age and in tertiary deposits which are only about 55 million years old. The major resources of Gondwana coal, which are metallurgical coal, are located in Damodar valley (West Bengal-Jharkhand). The important coal fields are Jharia, Raniganj and Bokaro. The Godavari, Mahanadi, Son and Wardha valleys also contain coal deposits.

(ii) Tertiary coals occur in the north eastern states of Meghalaya, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland.

(iii) Lignite is a low grade brown coal, which is soft with high moisture content. The principal lignite reserves are in Neyveli in Tamil Nadu and are used for generation of electricity.

Distribution of coal in India:

  1. Anthracite is found in Jammu and Kashmir.
  2. Bituminus is found in Jharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal, Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh.
  3. Lignite is found in Tamil Nadu and Rajasthan.

(b) India has enormous possibilities of tapping solar energy. Photovoltaic technology converts sunlight directly into electricity. Solar energy is fast becoming popular in rural and remote areas. Some big solar power plants are being established in different parts of India which will minimise the dependence of rural households on firewood and dung cakes, which in turn will contribute to environmental conservation and adequate supply of manure in agriculture.

NCERT Activity

Question 1.
Fill the name of the correct mineral in the crossword below:
JAC Class 10 Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources  1
DOWN

  1. Found in placer deposit (4)
  2. Iron ore mined in Bailadila (8)
  3. Indispensable for electrical industry (4)
  4. Geological Age of coal found in northeast India (8)
  5. Formed in veins and lodes (3)

ACROSS

  1. A ferrous mineral (9)
  2. Raw material for cement industry (9)
  3. Finest iron ore with magnetic properties (9)
  4. Highest quality hard coal (10)
  5. Aluminium is obtained from this ore (7)
  6. Khetri mines are famous for this mineral (6)
  7. Formed due to evaporation (6)

JAC Class 10 Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources 2

JAC Class 10 Social Science Solutions